Tahapan Pilkada 2024 tertuang dalam Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (PKPU) Nomor 2 Tahun 2024 tentang Tahapan dan Jadwal Pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur, Bupati dan Wakil Bupati, serta Walikota dan Wakil Walikota Tahun 2024. Sampai saat ini, KPU telah berada pada tahap Penyelenggara Pilkada 2024.
Selaku kader Bela Negara, saya selalu mengikuti dan mengamati pelaksanaan Pilkada baik secara langsung maupun lewat media. Oleh karena tentunya saya sangat merasakan sekali dinamika yang terjadi pada setiap tahapannya.
Dalam tahapan penyelenggara Pilkada 2024 ini tentunya ada beberapa titik kerawanan yang harus dicermati, dihindari, dicegah agar hasil Pilkada 2024 nanti mempunyai kualitas yang baik dengan menghasilkan pemimpin pilihan rakyat (pemilih) yang benar-benar kualitas, cerdas dan mempunyai integritas.
Namun dalam kenyataannya pelaksaan pilkada sering dicederai dengan perilaku yang tidak terpuji, inkonstusional, kecurangan, seperti menyuap, termasuk menyuap pemilih dengan uang dan atau barang, agar pada saat pilihan nanti mencoblos dia. Penyuapan dalam pilkada inilah yang kita kenal dengan istilah money politics atau politik uang.
Politik uang ini amat berbahaya karena bukan mengenai kontestasi menang atau kalah, melainkan menghancurkan mental (akhlak) warga negara dan menghancurkan mental aktor-aktor negara (para pemimpin).
Adanya kecurangan antara lain berupa penyuapan seperti politik uang ini mengakibatkan pilkada akan berbiaya tinggi (High cost) yang pada gilirannya akan menghasilkan Kepala Daerah yang yang korup dan tidak berkualitas.
Masyarakat Pemalang tentunya tidak akan lupa peristiwa Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT) yang dilakukan oleh KPK kepada Bupati Pemalang dan beberapa pejabat teras di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten Pemalang. Peristiwa yang menyoreng nama baik dan sejarah Pemalang itu tentunya tidak lepas dari Pilkada yang berbiaya tinggi.
Sejarah Pilkada 2020 kemarin dapat dijadikan pelajaran berharga bagaimana rusaknya tata pemerintahan dan tatanan moral ketika dalam pemilu menerapkan politik uang. Dapat kita rasakan bagaimana Kepala Daerah yang jadi dengan jalan yang mencederai demokrasi seperti itu menjadikan Kepala Daerah tidak akan pernah berfikir untuk kemajuan daerah dan kesejahteraan rakyatnya tetapi dia hanya akan berfikir bagaimana modalnya segera kembali.
Jadi money politic harus kita perangi, kita lawan dan kita stop.
Sudah banyak kampanye anti politik uang, ajakan untuk menghindar dari politik uang akan tetapi praktek seperti itu masih pula dilakukan oleh para oknum pemburu kekuasaan. Tentunya kita tidak boleh kalah dengan para oknum yang merusak tata demokrasi dengan melakukan praktek seperti itu.
Kalau kita flashback sejarah adanya Pilkada Langsung, Pemilihan Umum tersebut merupakan salah satu jawaban atas rusaknya tatanan etika politik dalam pemilihan Kepala Daerah. Pada awal reformasi pemilihan kepala daerah ini mengacu pada Undang-Undang (UU) nomor 22 tahun 1999, dimana Kepala Daerah dipilih oleh DPRD.
Pada waktu itu juga banyak terjadi praktek politik uang, disekitaran lingkaran parpol, calon Kepala daerah, fraksi dan anggota DPRD. Didalam upaya memperbaiki kondisi tersebut, kemudian UU no.22 tahun 1999 diganti dengan UU no. 32 tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Di dalam UU 32 tahun 2004 tersebut Kepala Daerah dipilih langsung, melalui Pilkada.
Namun didalam kenyataannya setelah menggunakan mekanisme pilkada langsung praktek politik uang justru bertambah marak dan meluas, melibatkan berbagai pihak mulai calon, parpol, penyelenggara pemilu, pemilih dan mayarakat luas.
Kalau demokrasi kita dalam menentukan pemimpin kita cenderai sendiri dengan politik uang akankah kita akan kembali lagi dengan benar-benar menempatkan nilai-nilai Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Dimana demokrasi Indonesia semestinya berdasarkan atas kerakyatan dan permusyawaratan/perwakilan. Sebagaimana tercantum pada UUD 1945 pasal 18 (4) dipertegas bahwa: Gubernur , Bupati dan Walikota masing- masing sebagai Kepala Pemerintah Daerah Propinsi, Kabupaten dan Kota dipilih secara demokratis.
Pro dan kontra untuk pemilihan kepada daerah secara musyawarah/perwakilan dengan dipilih melalui mekanisme Dewan Perwakilan Daerah juga pernah terjadi.
Maka yang perlu kita lakukan adalah bagaimana kita bisa menghentikan praktek tanpa etika dalam berdemokrasi diantaranya politik uang. Politik uang dapat kita stop dengan tindakan-tindakan preventif maupun represif diantaranya:
1. Melalui pencerahan, atau sosialisasi, bahwa money politic dilarang dan para pihak yang melanggarnya akan kena sanksi pidana yang berat.
2. Menyempurnakan regulasi, agar tidak terjadi celah yang bisa dimanfaatkan para pihak untuk melakukan money politik.
3. Menegakan aturan main pilkada sebagaimana mestinya, pidanakan dan beri efek jera bagi yang melanggarnya.
4. Kita harus merubah pola pikir dan dasar pemikiran dalam mengikuti Pilkada, untuk menjadi pemilih yang rasional, tidak transaksional dan tidak emosional untuk memilih calon Kepala Daerah yang berkualitas dengan melihat Prestasi, Dedikasi, Loyalitas dan Tidak Tercela (PDLT) nya.
5. Kita lakukan gerakan stop dan tolak politik uang bersama organisasi kemasyarakatan, secara menyeluruh dan serentak mulai dari keluarga, Rt, Rw, Desa dan seterusnya.
6. Intensifkan pengawasan secara ketat dan buat posko pengaduan disetiap tingkatan.
Mari kita dorong demokrasi dalam “memilih pemimpin daerah tanpa politik uang”. Mari kita bersama2 untuk menjadi “pemilih yang rasional dan bermoral”. Mari kita bersama- sama “stop politik uang”.
Opini oleh : Drs. Santoso, M.Si (Ketua MPO Forum Kader Bela Negara Kabupaten Pemalang/Mantan Sekretaris Daerah Pemalang)
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